Discovered on this day in 1801 by Giuseppe Piazzi at the Palermo observatory that the priest and mathematician founded, Ceres—originally classified as the hidden or missing planet that astronomers, in the period between the general consensus and acceptance of heliocentrism and the discovery of Neptune beyond the worlds known since Antiquity, believed was necessary to balance out Solar System (see also here and here)—was the first known (see previously) and largest asteroid. Reclassified several times from a planet-proper, to dwarf planet, to asteroid and presently with a dual designation combining the last two—the only one of the latter catalogued not beyond the orbit of outer planets, it is about a quarter of the size of the Earth’s Moon and is cryovolcanically active with an extremely rarefied atmosphere of water vapour. Piazzi’s original proposal was to name his discovery after the Roman goddess of agriculture (hence the sickle and whose main temple and earthly home was in Sicily), Ceres Ferdinandea—the latter in honour of his patron and king Ferdinand III was roundly rejected (see Neptune above) by the international community. Ceres was visited in 2015 and studied closely by NASA’s Dawn mission in 2015 and return trips are planned by the European and Chinese Space Agencies.
synchronoptica
one year ago: celebrating those we lost in 2023 (with synchronoptica) plus sci-fi movies set in 2024
eight years ago: welcoming 2017, time zones, Public Domain Day, saving seed stock, early adopters plus the art of not sleeping
nine years ago: welcoming 2016, assorted links worth revisiting plus the mental worlds of animals
ten years ago: a year’s worth of trivia, the Eurasian Economic Union plus a philosophy of contradictions
eleven years ago: Schweinehunden plus St Ursula and companions